Revision Notes: The Role of the Judiciary

Judicial Responsibility: Judges interpret laws and ensure fair trials without government interference. They can rule against the government if actions are illegal 🔗.
Legal Dispute Resolution: Judges resolve disputes involving contracts, property, employment rights, or accidents 🔗.

Criminal Courts in the UK

Magistrates' and Justice of the Peace Courts: Minor criminal cases are handled here with unpaid magistrates or legally qualified judges 🔗.
Crown Courts and Sheriff Courts: Serious offences involve a judge and jury; some cases go to a High Court 🔗.
Youth Courts: Cases involving 10-17-year-olds are normally processed here, with no public access 🔗.

County Courts: Deal with civil disputes such as debts, personal injuries, family matters, and contracts 🔗.
High Court and Court of Session: Handle more serious civil cases with significant compensation involved 🔗.
Small Claims Procedure: Offers an informal resolution for disputes under £10,000 in England/Wales, and £5,000 in Scotland/Northern Ireland. Claims can be filed online 🔗.

What is the main role of judges in the UK?
a) To write new laws
b) To ensure fair trials and interpret the law
c) To fund police activities
d) To supervise legal advisors
Which court handles minor criminal cases in England and Wales?
a) Crown Court
b) Magistrates' Court
c) County Court
d) High Court
Where are serious civil case disputes involving large compensations handled in Scotland?
a) Court of Session
b) Magistrates' Court
c) County Court
d) Sheriff Court
What is the small claims procedure used for?
a) Complex criminal cases
b) Large dispute settlements
c) Minor civil disputes
d) All criminal cases
What is unique about the jury system in Scotland compared to England?
a) They do not have juries
b) Only 5 members are allowed
c) Includes a 'not proven' verdict option
d) Juries vote anonymously

Answers: